![]() The circumference of a neonate’s head is normally 2 to 3 cm greater than the circumference of the chest.The normal hemoglobin value in neonates is 17 to 20 g/dl.The initial weight loss for a healthy neonate is 5% to 10% of birth weight.Unlike formula, breast milk offers the benefit of maternal antibodies.Hot compresses can help to relieve breast tenderness after breastfeeding.A mother who has a positive human immunodeficiency virus test result shouldn’t breastfeed her infant.Breastfeeding of a premature neonate born at 32 weeks gestation can be accomplished if the mother expresses milk and feeds the neonate by gavage.Prolactin stimulates and sustains milk production.Most drugs that a breastfeeding mother takes appear in breast milk.A mother should allow her infant to breastfeed until the infant is satisfied.Colostrum, the precursor of milk, is the first secretion from the breasts after delivery.Human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV) has been cultured in breast milk and can be transmitted by an HIV-positive mother who breast-feeds her infant.After feeding an infant with a cleft lip or palate, the nurse should rinse the infant’s mouth with sterile water.Breastfeeding mothers should increase their fluid intake to 2½ to 3 qt (2,500 to 3,000 ml) daily.She should let the breasts air-dry to prevent them from cracking. A woman who is breastfeeding should rub a mild emollient cream or a few drops of breast milk (or colostrum) on the nipples after each feeding. ![]() Cow’s milk shouldn’t be given to infants younger than age one (1) because it has a low linoleic acid content and its protein is difficult for infants to digest.To help a mother break the suction of her breastfeeding infant, the nurse should teach her to insert a finger at the corner of the infant’s mouth.Stress, dehydration, and fatigue may reduce a breastfeeding mother’s milk supply.Therefore, the second breast should be used first at the next feeding. When both breasts are used for breastfeeding, the infant usually doesn’t empty the second breast.The first menstrual flow is called menarche and may be anovulatory (infertile).If a patient misses a menstrual period while taking an oral contraceptive exactly as prescribed, she should continue taking the contraceptive.Heart development in the embryo begins at 2 to 4 weeks and is complete by the end of the embryonic stage.Implantation occurs when the cellular walls of the blastocyte implants itself in the endometrium, usually 7 to 9 days after fertilization.If the ovum is fertilized by a spermatozoon carrying a Y chromosome, a male zygote is formed.Spermatozoa (or their fragments) remain in the vagina for 72 hours after sexual intercourse.The union of a male and a female gamete produces a zygote, which divides into the fertilized ovum.From the 8th week of gestation through delivery, the developing cells are known as a fetus.The corpus luteum secretes large quantities of progesterone.The chorion is the outermost extraembryonic membrane that gives rise to the placenta.Implantation in the uterus occurs 6 to 10 days after ovum fertilization.Organogenesis occurs during the first trimester of pregnancy, specifically, days 14 to 56 of gestation.Fertilization produces a total of 46 chromosomes, including an XY combination (male) or an XX combination (female).The male sperm contributes an X or a Y chromosome the female ovum contributes an X chromosome.These nursing bullets cover topics about labor, pregnancy, nursing care of the newborn, developmental stages and many more! Table of Contents Pop these up if you need a quick review of the concepts behind maternity nursing for your NCLEX. Get ready to be amazed with these easy-to-comprehend nursing bullets for maternal and child health nursing.
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